The Coin Collector's Journal

THE

Coin Collector s

Journal

EARLY AMERICAN MEDALS
STORY AND

DESIGN OF MODERN COINS
THE ROYAL MINT OF SWEDEN
CURRENCY AND BANKING IN FLORIDA
SANTA FE DE BOGOTA
COINS OF THE WORLD

NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1947

The

NATIONAL

COIN ALBUM

Visibility — Protection — Convenience

Designed bv a collector, for collectors, these fine coin albums
have been manufactured hv tin* same firm for over twenty years.
The materials used are of high quality, durable and of pleasing
appearance. Ail experienced staff maintains skilful and accu-
rate workmanship.

For over twenty years

THE IDEAL METHOD
OF HOI SING V COLLECTION

\ LI. GENI I \ K N ATIONAL
COIN \LBUM PAGES

bear the name

\\ AY I K RAYMOND. INC.
and the original patent No. 1,719.962

NEW DESCRIPTIVE CIRCULAR UPON

REQUEST

WAYTE RAYMOND, INC.

P. O. BOX 43 1

MINEOLA, N. Y

THE COIN COLLECTOR’S JOURNAL

FOUNDED BY JOHN W. SCOTT IN 1875

Published by WAYTE RAYMOND, INC.

654 Madison Avenue, New York 21, N. Y.

Copyright, 1947, by Waytc Raymond, Inc.

WAYTE RAYMOND, Editor GEORGE W. HUSKER, Associate Editor

Subscription Price, $2.00 per Year in U.S.A. SC Canada

All subscriptions begin with the issue current when subscription is received, provided we
have copies on hand. If current issue is exhausted subscription will start with the next number.
Back copies or single copies will be supplied, if possible.

Vol. 14, No. 6 New York, November-December, 1947 Whole No. 116

EARLY AMERICAN MEDALS

CAPTAIN JACOB JONES
(Capture of the Frolic)

Bust of Captain Jones, in uniform, to
right. In Latin: “Valor seeks difficub
ties”.

Reverse — In Latin: “He quickly
snatched victory from a superior enemy”.
Naval action between the U. S. sloop'oL
war Wasp (18 guns) and the British
sloop'of-war Frolic (22 guns). The
Wasp has lost her maintopmast, and is
raking the Frolic as she lays on her
board. The Americans are in possession
of the enemy's forecastle. In exergue the
abbreviated Latin reads: Between the
American vessel Wasp and the English
vessel Frolic, October 18, 1812.” Medal
is size 40, designed by Furst.

Jacob Jones was born near Smyrna,
Delaware in 1770. At the University of
Philadelphia he was a medical student
until 1799 when he entered the navy as
a midshipman. In 1804, as a lieutenant,
he was taken prisoner in the frigate
Philadelphia when she was captured off
Tripoli. He was commissioned master^
commandant in 1810 and for his gallant
action with his ship Wasp against the
British Frolic, was awarded the gold
medal illustrated. Later, he commanded
the Macedonian and squadrons in the
Mediterranean and Pacific. He served as
a member of the Naval Board and was
Governor of the Naval Asylum in Phib
adelphia, where he died in 1850.

CAPTAIN STEPHEN DECATUR
(Capture of the Macedonian)

Bust of Captain Decatur, in uniform,
facing right. In Latin: “Stephen De^
catur, a naval captain, conqueror in
many battles”. Reverse — In Latin: “The
enemy’s standard falls, the stars arise”.
Naval action between the 44'gun U. S.
frigate United States and the 49'gun
British frigate Macedonian. The United

States, to leeward, is firing her port
broadside; the Macedonian has lost her
mizzenmast, her lore and maintopmasts,
and her mainyard. In exergue, abhrevb
ated in Latin: “Between the American
vessel UNITED STATES and the Eng
lish vessel MACEDONIAN, October
25, 1812”. Size 40. Designed by Furst.

131

November'December, 1947

Early American Medals

INTER WASP NAY. AMERJ
ET FROLIC AAV, ANC,
DIE XVI 1 1 OCT, ^
MDCCCXU.

INTERSTA.UA I . N A' V. A M E R I

- ET MACEDO.NAV.AAO.DIE
XXV OCTOBR1S
A MDCCCXU

V rw

{ irMtY

<£! ^

S\ . y._ . K

iSgL'i

Ej* I ^

132

November-December, 1947

Early American Medals

Born in Sinnepuxent, Maryland in
1779, Stephen Decatur served as a mid'
shipman and lieutenant under Coni'
modores Dale and Preble in the Medi'
terranean. While commanding the Im
trepid he destroyed the Philadelphia,
off Tripoli m 1804. The Philadelphia
under command of Captain Bainbridge
has been rendered helpless through stnk'
ing an uncharted rock, and the American
crew captured and the vessel salvaged
in Tripoli Harbor. Assigned to destroy
this vessel which the enemy was prepar'
ing to make use of, Decatur with seventy
men in the small ketch Intrepid sailed
into the harbor and through brave and
desperate action boarded the Philadeh
phia, defeated the turbaned defenders
and burn the vessel. For this gallant
action he was promoted to Captain. He
saw much action commanding guii'boats
oh Tripoli and for his action against the
M acedonian was awarded the gold medal
shown. In January, 1815 he left New
London as commodore of The President,

but was captured by the British. The
same year he sailed again for the Medi'
terranean in command of a squadron, and
made treaties with Algiers, Tunis and
Tripoli. On his return home he became
a member of the naval board.

Decatur was killed in a duel with
James Barron, a naval officer, who, for
surrendering his vessel Chesapeake to
the British ship Leopard in 1807, had
been court'martialed and suspended for
rive years from naval service. In 1818 a
movement was started to reinstate Barron
in naval duties, and the resistance of
Decatur (and other officers) to this move
resulted in a bitter exchange of letters
between Barron and Decatur. The result
was “an affair of honor" between the
two on the famous duelling'ground near
Bladensburg, Maryland in March, 1800.
Both men were wounded, Barron severely
but Decatur mortally, and he died the
following day. Barron lived, and later
became a senior officer in the navy.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE
(Capture of the Java)

Bust of Captain Bainbridge in uni'
form, right, underneath, a star. In Latin:
“William Bainbridge praised by his
country and by the vanquished foe.”

Reverse— In Latin “PUGNANDO”—
(In fighting). The naval action is over.
The British frigate Java (49 guns) is
completely dismasted while the U. S.
frigate Constitutioyi (44 guns) shows
only small damage in her rigging. Ex'
ergue: The Latin reads: “Between the
American vessel Constitution and the
English vessel Java, December 29, 1812”.
Medal is size 40, designed by Furst.

A native of Princeton, New Jersey,
William Bainbridge at the age of sixteen

(1790) went to sea in command of a
ship in the merchant service. By 1800 he
had become a captain in the navy in
command of the Philadelphia which was
lost in action at' Tripoli. Upon his re'
turn to the LInited States Captain Bain'
bridge saw no naval service until 1812
when in command of the Constitution
he engaged the British Java in battle and
won the thanks of Congress, and a gold
medal, for his gallant action. After the
close of the war he twice commanded
in the Mediterranean and after 1821
served ashore in various navy yards and
on the Nav.d Board. He died in PhiL
adelphia in 1833 and is buried in Christ
church'yard.

133

November' December, 1947

STORY AND DESIGN
Or MODERN COINS

BRAZIL

BRAZIL

Marshal Floriano Peixoto, whose por-
trait appears on the 2000 reis piece of
1039, was one of the prominent figures
of the revolution which changed Brazil
from an Empire to a Republic. In the
latter years of the reign of Dom Pedro
II, Marshal Peixoto held a high position
in the army and was invited to become
a member of the last' Imperial Cabinet
as Minister of War. However, Peixoto
had always been a liberal with strong
republican leanings and he joined the
revolutionary movement of General De-
odora. As first Vice President of the
new republic he was instrumental in
shaping its policies during the first criti-
cal months and when Deodoro resigned
in November 1891 under bitter criticism,
Peixoto took over the chief magistracy.
His initial acts as President provoked a
storm of opposition and incited a re-
volt of the Navy. However, he weathered
the storm and in 1894 reliquished his
olfice to the regularly elected President.
Although a controversial figure, Peixoto
rendered great service to Brazil by con-
solidating a regime which, under his
predecessors was threatened with dis-
solution and disintegration. Many of
his acts and policies as chief executive
have been questioned but his voluntary
retirement I mm the political field at
the height of his personal power is
proof that his ultimate goal was the
establishment ol a strong and great
nation.

Although our South American neigh-
bors appear to be preoccupied with
politics, literature is by no means a
neglected art. The most celebrated
Brazilian writer of the 19th century
was Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
(1839-1908), whose centennial was ob-
served by the issue of this 500 reis coin
in 1939. No writer ol South America
embraces as much and as varied territory
as this great Brazilian. He was a true
artist of the novel, a creator of charac-
ters, gifted with a singular deftness of
psychological detail, a refined sense of
humor and a limpid style. Machado de
Assis has been called the novelist of the
reign of Dom Pedro II although after the
abdication he continued to create works
which reflect the several changes that
came with the republic.

In addition to his nine great novels

CO

he published several volumes of poems,
essays, plays and short stories. The
most important of his works are laid
Garcia, M emorias postumas de Bras
Cubas, guineas Barba and Don Cds-
murro, some parts of which have been
translated into English. In the past the
work of the Brazilian has received little
attention from North American critics
but in recent years he has been redis-
covered in a sense and recognized as the
founder of a truly national literary
school.

134

November-Dccember, 1947

STORY AND DESIGN
OE MODERN COINS

HUNGARY

This 2 Pengo piece was issued on the
200th anniversary of the death of
Francis (II) Rakoczy, one of the greatest
of Magyar heroes. He was born in 1676
of a noble Hungarian family and spent
his boyhood with his mother in an ultra
patriotic Magyar environment. At the
age of twelve when his family lost its
fortune and its ancestral seat he was
sent to Vienna to be brought up as an
Austrian magnate. His birth, rank,
wealth and brilliant qualities made him
a natural leader of the Hungarian
peoples and in time he became identified
with the insurrectionary movements of
the period. On the eve of the War of
the Spanish Succession he sought assist'
ance of Louis XIV but his plot was be'
trayed to the Emperor and he was ini'
prisoned. Making a dramatic escape, he
took to the field against the Imperial
armies in 1703. Want of arms, money
and trained officers and men together
wi th 1 ack of effective aid from his foreign
allies made any sort of permanent success
impossible. In 1708 his army was routed
at Trenczen and a fresh attempt to re'
new hostilities in 1710 brought on aiv
other disaster. In 1711 he quitted his
native country after declining an offer
of amnesty made by the Emperor. For
the remainder of his life he lived in exile
and died in April 1735.

HUNGARY

In memory of the brilliant Hungarian
musician, Franz Liszt (1811' 1886), this
2 pengo piece was issued on the 50th
anniversary of his death. The appeal
of Liszt to the world of music and to
the world at large was made in a three'
fold capacity — Liszt, the unrivalled
pianoforte virtuoso; Liszt, the conduc'
tor, teacher and writer; and Liszt, the
prolific composer. As a pianist he held
his own for the entire period during
which he chose to appear in public and
he was greeted everywhere he performed
with adulation and frantic applause.
From 1848 until 1861 he settled at
Weimar conducting at the court and
also giving instruction to many promitv
ent pianists. He began to write articles
of musical criticism and essays on music
which helped to introduce many aspim
ing composers to the public. He was
ambitious to found a school of pianists
and composers and his efforts along these
lines were rewarded with a considerable
measure of success. During these years
the first of his own musical composi'
tions was introduced to the public and
until his death his musical works coil'
tinued to pour forth in an unending
stream. He tried his hand at most forms
of composition and has left us piano'
forte pieces, songs, symphonic orchestral
pieces, cantatas, masses and other musical
pieces, all of a uniform excellence.

November'December, 1947

35

THE ROYAL MINT OF SWEDEN

By ERNST LOWENHIELM

In the early days, the idyllic town of
Sigtuna, situated on Lake Malaren in
Sweden, was the residential capital tor
Swedish royalty. Nowadays Sigtuna is
not a significant town, hut it was here
that the first Swedish mint was built, and
in the years 1016' 1059 this mint stamped
coins tor Kings Olof Skotkonung and
Anund Jakob. These coins were of a
quite artless character, being stamped
with various symbols in the center, and
having an inscription all around. The
names appearing on such coins are in
all likelihood those of the coin-makers,
since no masters are known of that
period. In 1050 the minting was dis-
continued and was not resumed else-
where until 1170 when King Knut Erik-
sson ordered the building of a mint in
Vasteras.

Was it then possible to live without
coins in Sweden at th.it time? Certainly
not! One used coins ol many different

mmtings ol many different countries, as
numerous findings to this day are wit-
ness. The most recent find of such coins
was made during the harvesting of a
sugarbect crop in Oland during Novem-
ber, 1946. The find consisted of 5 5
Roman solidii from 400-500 A.D.

Vasteras was in oldentimes called
Aros, and King Knut Ericksson’s coins
are provided with the locality mark
“Aros”. Here also coins were stamped
for the reigning princes Sten Sture the
Older, Johan II, Svante Sture and Sten
Sture the Younger. The first mint master
who is mentioned is Conradus in the
year 1315. Another is Cornelius Jakob-
sson (1480-1512.) Later in Aros “orti-
gar”, “halvortigar" and “pennigar ' (one
mark, half mark and 2 Ore) wer£
stamped, but the minting stopped during
the reign of Gustav Wasas in 1540.

During the course of time, mints have
been founded on no less than twenty-

136

November- December, 1947

The Royal Mint of Sweden

seven different places in the country,
and moreover at seven different places
in the capital. In the old days, a mint
was sometimes built where the metal
was mined, for example at Sala and
Falun, respectively silver and copper
mines, or where a waterfall afforded
cheap energy, such as at Avesta on the
Dalalven. At the present time there is
hut one mint in Sweden — The Royal
Mint situated in Stockholm on the Mah
aren, as was Sigtuna.

The Swedish mint has had a succes-
sion of prominent mint-engravers, the
three latest may he mentioned, namely,
Lea Ahlborn, Adolf Lindberg, and Erik
Lindberg, the last two mentioned having
been given the honour and dignity of
a professor. Erik Lindberg was the son
of Adolf Lindberg and was some years
ago succeeded by his pupil Leo Holm-
gren. The workshops are supervised
by the superintendent-engineer Nils
Wahlenberg, who has an engineer-assist-
ant and five foremen. At the Royal
Mint thirty-two workmen are engaged.
The position of chief of the mint is
held by Mintdirektor Swensson.

Since 1932 an electric melting pot
has been used for melting the metals.
This takes about 100 kg. of metal which
melts at a temperature of 1.000—1.100
degrees Centigrade. Six such pots are
melted every day, supervised by two
shifts of workmen. When the metals
have been melted, the alloy is poured in
form (kokills). At the pouring one
obtains “tens” about 52 x 6 x 1 cm.
The dimensions vary a little for the
different kinds of coins. These “tens”
are flattened to precise thickness and the
flans are cut out. They are then stamped
in five coining presses. One very old
machine is used in the mint. This
machine was invented and manufactured
by D. Uhlhorn in Grevenbroich bei Coin
am Rhein in 1857, according to a plaque
on the machine. It is used for the mint-
ing of large coins, producing 65 a
minute. The other machine is manu-
factured by the joint stock company

Schuler, Goppingen, and was purchased
in 1930, and produces 90 coins a
minute. All Swedish coins are char-
acterized by peculiar accuracy. When the
coins are finished they are counted on
a ciphering board and at the same time
examined on both sides in order that
no defective coins are put into circula-
tion. Thereafter they are weighed under
the supervision of a public servant be-
fore they are placed in sacks. Gold coins
are not circulated at present. Silver and
bronze coins are calculated to circulate
about fifty years. Even today one some-
times finds an old “enkrona” of 1875
(the first year of the current coins) in
circulation.

In the year 1942 silver coins of a
lower standard were minted. The reason
for this was partly lack of silver, partly
increased demand for small money. This
resulted in a troublesome demand for
coins that as yet, in spite of the ending
of the war and enormous mintings dur-
ing the recent years, has not abated. As
an explanation of this situation, one
supposes that good times, low interest,
hard taxation on income and inherit-
ances, have all combined to impel many
people to collect ringing coins on the
bottom of a chest.

Coin Denominations of Swedish Mints

16th Century: ortug, ore, riksdaler,
makr.

17th Century: ore, fyrk, mark, salvator-
daler, dukat, daler solff mynt and
daler silt mynt.

18th Century: dukat, daler silf mynt
and skilling (coppercoin) and also
the great square coppercoins (10-
daler silvermynt) the weight of
which could be as much as 19,700
kg.

19th Century: dukat, daler, skilling,
riksdaler, ore, krona.

Current coins:

Gold: 90% gold, 10% copper 20,
10, 5 kronor.

( Continued on page 141)

November-December, 1947

137

THE DEVELOPMENT OF CURRENCY AND

BANKING IN FLORIDA

By FRED R. MARCKHOFF

( Continued from previous Journal)

4. Currency and Banking in Florida
Under the Confederacy, 1861-1865.

War and secession in 1861 called for
a rapid hut complete revision of financ'
ing, and no time was lost in providing it.
Legislators approved a $500,000. issue
of State Treasury notes in 8 denomina'
tions, from $1 to $100, on Feb. 14, 1861.
One authority states that from October
to December, 1861, $288,000. in $l’s;
$23,758. in $2's and $13,362. in $3’s
were put into circulation. A secondary
source of revenue was found in 20 year
89c Bonds, but these were mainly of
high denominations and were not popu'
lar.

Early in 1861 five of the leading banks
received increased capitalizations. The
money realized went directly into the
State Treasury, with public lands pledged
as security for stockholders.

Sensing the all important need of
sustaining the value of State Treasury
notes, Legislators decreed that the circu'
lation of solvent banks which received
these State notes at par, would be re-
ceived at full value for all taxes. State
taxes on such banks was suspended.
Banks not accepting the State notes at
par were forbidden to issue notes of less
than $20. value.

In 1861 the three main currencies in
Florida were bank notes, State Treasury
notes and “railroad change bills. The
latter were issued mainly by railroads in
denominations up to $1. Although not
legal tender, they were paid out to who'
ever would accept them and in turn
were receivable for all railroad dues. In
most cases they were willingly accepted.
By Dec. 1861, bank note circulation was
$1 16,252, backed by $55,071. in specie.

A Dec. 1861 law rendered illegal all
company or corporation bills of less than
$5. except “rairoad money” change bills

At the same time corporations were
allowed to pay out these railroad bills for
their obligations. Banks were authorized
to “suspend specie payments from the
first day of Jan. 1862 until 12 months
after the close of the present war.” This
merely legalized an action most banks had
taken even before the war began.

By mid' 1862 Confederate State notes
made their appearance in great numbers.
The effect was immediate. People hoarded
State Treasury notes, which were secured
by public lands, and spent' only the Con'
federate issues. The latter was all that
flowed into the State Treasury and other
taxing bodies. The State notes were
used mainly to purchase land, which
prior to late 1862, had been purchasable
only with gold or silver.

A Dec. 1862 law prohibited issuance
of fractional currency by any person or
corporation without express authoriza'
tion of law. This resulted in cities issuing
fractional scrip with State approval.
Tallahassee and Pensacola were among
the first to do so. The latter was author'
ized to issue 5c, 10c, 25c and 50c notes,
up to $2 5,000. value. Each city was to
redeem its bills or receive them in pay'
ment of dues within 12 months after
the war's end.

By late 1862 bank notes had practic'
ally disappeared from circulation. Their
place was taken by Confederate notes,
which appeared in ever growing amounts.
The story of money in Florida from 1863
to 1865 is but a study of State and Con'
federate issues.

Accurate data on the Florida State
Treasury notes is difficult to find. Air
thorized amounts of an issue were oj^ten
exceeded. Records of circulation were
kept by fiscal years, even though an
authorized issue was often placed in cir'
dilation over several fiscal years. Fob
lowing, however, is a list of each au'

138

November'December, 1947

The Development of Currency and Banking in Florida

■

Si«M

DOLLARS

/ // «*///,///

ijjiSsMmrm

it ITER jt l.Vtyi&H.

fsm sas

yy/jjyy

wmmn

thorued Act, the amount and purpose
of each issue:

Act of Feb. 1861— $500,000.

This was the original issue to provide
legal tender for the State. Dated
Oct. 10, 1861.

Act of Dec. 1861— $500,000.

For payment of War Tax to Con-

federate Government. Dated Jan. 1
1862.

Aet of Dec. 1862 $300,000.

Same as first issue; an additional print-
ing thereof. Dated Oct. 10, 1861.

Act of Dec. 1862— $300,000.

Expressly for relief of soldiers’ fam-
ilies; re-issue made.

139

November-December, 1947

The Development of Currency and Banking in Florida

$200,000. to provide more fractional
hills. Dated Feb. 2 or March 1, 1863.

Act of Dec. 1863— $300,000.

For further relief of soldiers' families.
Dated March 1, 1864.

Act of Dec. 1864 $350,000.

For general relief; public lands ex'
pressly pledged for redemption. Dated
Jan. 1, 1865.

TOTAL $2,450,000.

An interesting sidelight on these figures
reveals that the second $300,000. notes
printed by Act of Dec. 1862 were divided
as follows: $50,000. in fractional cur-
rency; $30,000. in each of $1, 2, 3, 5 and
10 denominations; $25,000. in each of
$20's and $50's; and $50,000. of $ 100’s.
The Governor, however, declared too
many large bills had been printed and
the $20's and $50's were not circulated.
An entire new issue was printed of frac'
tional bills, bearing Feb. 2, 1863 date,
many printed on the backs of broken
bank curency.

By 1864 inflation and hard times were
permanent factors to consider. Circm
lation on Oct. 31, 1864 was $1,103/
622.07, an increase over 1863. As the
conflict drew closer to Florida’s borders
Confederate notes were about the only
circulating currency and these were utv
der heavy discount.

The issue dated Jan. 1, 1865 was in
$40,000. of $50's; $120,000. of $ 100's,
and $190,000. of $500’s. A difficult to
explain issue was also made in April,
1865, when $363,500. of $50's was
printed. The January issue is recorded
as having been sent to the Governor for
signature but there is no record of how
many went into circulation. The fever'
ish activity and uncertainty caused by
the approaching armies is believed re'
sponsible for these actions. Most of the
later notes were presumably destroyed to
prevent capture.

Authorized State Treasury note issues
of seceded Florida reached $2,450,000,
of which it is stated $2,239,640. was put

into circulation. This figure seems high
in view of the great scarcity of the 1865
issue and probably includes unauthorized
increases of various issues. $1,800,0U0.
of these notes were outstanding on May,
1865. Of the $500,000. Bonds printed,
$300,000. were sold. After the war,
State Treasury notes and bonds were
necessarily repudiated as part of an illegal
debt.

7. Reconstruction Currency and Bank-
ing in Florida, 1865-1873.

The immediate post war period was
one of unrest and economic distress. The
commercial and political situation left
little need for currency or banks, ah
though new State Constitutions of 1865
and 1868 contained banking clauses
similar to the pre-war Constitution, ex'
cept that currency issues were forbidden.

No banks were chartered between
1862 and 1869. In 1868 Gov. Reed
vetoed a "Florida Savings Bank”, claim'
ing it was an out of State attempt to
control finances. Large commercial financ'
ing when needed was supplied by New
York firms, such as Jay Cooke 6? Co.,
N. Y. Warehouse & Security Co., Soulter
C Co. and others.

St.ite, city and county governments
issued warrants during this period to
pay wages, dues, etc. With incoming
revenue very low it was an unavoidable
action. This scrip became the common
circulating medium of all classes. It was
receivable at full value only for taxes.
Amount of this scrip in use jumped from
$57,492.32 in 1868 to $563,524.89 by
Jan. 1, 1872.

The first post war charter granted was
to the Escambia Banking, Building &
Loan Association of Pensacola in 1870.
Its purpose was to make real estate loans,
without privilege of circulation. Flow'
ever, this enterprise and the Planters LcJan
& Trust Co. of Pensacola chartered in
1872 never got beyond the organization
stage.

A few private banks operated on a
small scale. These included Anderson,

140

November'December, 1947

The Development of Currency and Banking in Florida

Hyer 6? Co. of Pensacola, 1865; D. G.
Ambler of Jacksonville, 1868; H. S.
Dewey of Jacksonville, 1872; H. F. Dut-
ton Co. of Gainesville, 1873, and pos-
sihly Judah & Le Baron of Pensacola.

6. Early National Banking in Florida,

1874-1882.

By 1874 Florida had recovered suffi-
ciently to warrant chartering of the First
National Bank of Jacksonville, on Aug.
24, 1874, Charter No. 2174. It actually
opened lor business, Sept. 26, 1874. Gen.
T. W. C. Moore and his son-in-law,
F. C. Spinner, the U. S. Treasurer, were
interested, the former as its President.
It went into receivership on March 14,
1903.

On Oct. 12, 1874 D. G. Ambler
chartered the Ambler National Bank of
Jacksonville, Charter No. 2194. Ambler,
however, voluntarily liquidated on Dec.

7, 1874 with no circulating notes out-
standing. He later returned to private
banking. The third national charter in
Florida was the First National Bank of
Pensacola, opened Aug. 10, 1880, under
Charter No. 2490. It' went into receiver-
ship on Jan. 22, 1914.

Only $57,000. of First Charter Period
currency was issued by the 3 Florida
national banks, 2 of which were still
active on Nov. 1, 1882. National bank-
note circulation was only $27,000, in
1875 and $40,800. in 1876. Early Flor-
ida national bank notes are very scarce
collector items today.

The banking law of 1889 introduced a

new liberal era in Florida and all types
of banks increased in numbers thereafter.
The State Savings Bank of Tallahassee
was the first to open under this new law
in 1889.

The writer would like to thank W. T.
Cash of the Florida State Library Board;
J. C. Yonge of the University of Florida
and Alberta Johnson of the Florida His-
torical Society for their co-operation.
For other data on this subject see Wis-
mer’s Feb. 1923 article in the Numis-
matist, State Bank Notes by Muscalus
and Confederate and Southern State
Currency by Bradbeer, reprint by Green.

THE ROYAL MINT OF SWEDEN

( Continued from page 137)

Silver: Before 1942; 5 kronor (90%
silver), 2, 1 krona (80% silver),
50, 25 ore (60% silver), 10 ore
(40 /V silver) the rest copper.
After 1942: 5, 2, kronor, 1 krona,
50, 25, 10 ore, all containing 40%
silver, 50% copper, 5% nickel
and 5 % zinc.

Copper: 5, 2, 1 ore (95% copper,
4% tin, 1% zinc).

Nickel: 5 0, 25, 10 ore (25% nickel
and 75% copper).

Iron: 5, 2, 1 ore (pure iron).

The obverse of the coins of high value
up to and including 1907 bear the por-
trait of King Oscar II and thereafter
that of King Gustav V, who is now 89
years old.

HISTORICAL VALUE OF LOWLY MASSACHUSETTS COPPER

When considering numismatics as an
aid to historians and other scholars we
usually visualize ancient coins buried in
the rubble of long forgotten village sites.
However, Clarence L. Andrews, in his
book “The Story of Alaska” relates on
page 52 how two insignificant little
Massachusetts coppers gave valuable in-
formation to a trader visiting the north-
west' coast of America years ago. He

states “Etienne Marchard, in the ship
Sohde, entered Sitka Sound on August
12, 1791, anchored his ship in Krestof
Bay,***to trade with the Sitkas. He was
not fortunate in his bargaining for other
traders had been there before him. In
the ears of one young man he saw two
copper coins of Massachusetts, worn as
pendants, showing that the Yankee trad-
ers had preceded him”.

November-December, 1947

141

His r a n o A m eric an a

N°4 ENLARGED

SANTA PE DE BOGOTA MINT — NR.

142

Novcmber-Decemhcr, 1947

The Early Coinage in Silver of fhe Santa Fe de Bogota Mint

The earliest silver coins from the
Santa Fe de Bogota mint in the Spanish
Colonial viceroyalty of New Granada
(now Colombia) were struck during the
reign of Philip IV. The history of the
mint in its early days, and the date of
its foundation are shrouded in mystery.
J. T. Medina states that there is no
knowledge of when the mint there started
operation.

The coins are known by few examples
during the reigns of Philip IIII, Charles
II, and Philip V, but no collection known
to the writer contains anything like a
complete series, in fact it is unusual
for a collector or a museum to own
more than one or two pieces. Herrera
in "El Duro” catologs only four ex-
amples of the 8 reales denomination
divided between the three reigns, a
period of 125 years. Herrera could End
but' one record of an 8 reales piece for
Charles II reign, the Fonrobert piece
of 1690, and was forced to use the
drawing of it as his illustration in "El
Duro”. None of the other large cob
lections Herrera consulted owned a
single piece. Lucky indeed is the collec-
tor today who has one piece in his
cabinet.

One of the first parts of the American
continent visited by the Spanish naviga-
tors was the coast of Colombia. As
early as 1508 the Spanish Crown granted
land in this region and small settle-
ments were made on the coast.

Santa Marta at the mouth of the
Magdalena River, which flows north-
ward into the Caribbean Sea, was found-
ed by Rodrigo de Bastidas in 1 525. It
became a center for missionaries and also
considerable trade. Santa Marta was
also the entry-port of the expedition of
Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada, who made
his way inland by the Magdalena River,
reached the highlands of Bogota by foot
and horse and founded the rich Spanish
realm of Nueva Reino de Granada. In

April 15 36, that memorable year that
saw the founding of the first mint in
America at Mexico City, Quesada led a
large and well-fitted expedition in five
good ships southwards up the Magdal-
ena.

When the ships had to be abandoned,
Quesada an unsurpassed leader, took his
men south over land fraught with danger
from disease, Indians and other perils.
In spite of this the party reached the
cool and beautiful highlands of Bogota
with 166 men and 59 horses. The
Chibcha Kingdoms put up a brave fight
against the invaders, but knights in
armor, cavalry and above all firearms,
could not be resisted for long by native
weapons. By the end of January 1538
the conquest' of the Chibehas was an
accomplished fact. Booty mostly in gold
and emeralds was taken amounting to
about $550,000 in value.

On August 6, 15 38 Jimenez de Ques-
ada founded the city of Santa Fe de
Bogota, named after his birthplace and
the southern capital of the Chibcha’s,
Bacata. The city became the capital
of the Viceroyalty of Nuevo Granada
and when Quesada’s forces were joined
by a party of Spaniards led by Sebastian
de Benalcazar from the direction of
Quito and another party from the direc-
tion of Venezuela, led by Nicholas Fcder-
man, an employee of the Welsers, the
parties merged and so consolidated Span-
ish power in the new viceroyalty.

Treasure for Spain traveled overland
by mule trail from Bogota to San Bar-
tolome de Honda, on the west bank of
the Magdalena River, 580 miles above
its mouth at Santa Marta. From Honda
the gold, silver and emeralds were car-
ried by small boats or canoes to the
Caribbean, where they were transferred
via Santa Marta and Cartagena to await
the annual plate fleet for Spain. "Here
ye flota gathers to hasten ye King’s
treasure to Old Spaine” reads the spot on

November-December, 1947

143

Hispano American a

an ancient map made tor the benefit of
sea-rovers who laid in wait for the
treasure galleons.

Workmen clearing up the river bank
in August 1935, found a bucket of 2
escudo gold pieces which appeared to
be from the mint during the time of
Philip III. The Banco de la Republica
acquired part of this hoard for the
National Coin Collection and they were
illustrated and described in The Coin
Collector's Journal Vol. IV. Pg. 64.
But the gold pieces are another story.

The Philip IV silver pieces are known
in denominations of 1, 2, 4 6? 8 reales.
The 8 reales pieces have been noted for
the years 1656, 165 7, 1662 and 1665,
and no doubt they exist tor other years.
They show the crowned shield of Castile,
Leon and Granada between a pattern
ot 6 dots (on the 1656 piece) or be-
tween the Roman numeral VIII. (ver-
tically) and a stylized pomegranate (on
the Salbach Coll. No. 2900 piece). The
lions are highly ornate and look almost
like dragons, entirely ot a different de-
sign from any of the other Spanish
Colonial mints. The reverse of the 8
reales pieces shows the crowned Pillars
of Hercules, based in waves, with the
motto PLVS/VL TRA in three lines,
above and between the crowns on the
pillars, and NR, between the pillars at
the base. The NR is the mint mark tor
Nueva Reino, and not as Herrera in
“El Duro” interpreted it, tor Nicaragua.
At the left of the pillars, vertically and
reading upwards is P°RS, the meaning
ot which is unknown to this writer. At
the right of the pillars and reading
downwards vertically is the date. The
legends on all these coins seldom appear
as the blanks are either small or irregu-
lar cobs but they read PHILIPPVS. IIII.
D.G. on the obverse and HISPANI-
ARVM. ET. INDIARVM. REX on
the reverse as far as can be distinguished.
(See Nos. 1 &* 2 on plate) The Sal-
bach piece, which is also listed in “El
Duro” as No. 792, is counterstamped
on the reverse with the toison d or or
Golden Fleece as legal tender in the
Spanish Netherlands.

Only one example of Philip IV, of
four reales denomination has been noted
and that is the American Numismatic
Society Museum piece illustrated here
as No. 3.

Of the Philip IV, 2 reales, two are
catalogued. Vidal Quadras y Ramon
shows a rubbing of his No. 8624 as
Illustration 5 on Plate 49. The date is
not readable. The other in Monedas
hisjoano 'Am eric anas by J. T. Medina as
No. 303 is dated 1665 and belonged in
the Coll. Senor Vazquez in Guatemala.

The possibly unique example of a 1
real piece of Philip IV appeared this
year and is shown as No. 4. It is well
struck but the reverse is not centered on
the blank. The motto was evidently
shortened to P L V, divided by the
pillars. At the top between the crowns
the pomegranate is shown, which is
rather misleading as it looks like an
Arabic numeral 2. The denomination
however is on the obverse at the right
ot the shield. The shield is so crowded
by lions and castles, that the die maker
could not include the pomegranate and
so put it on the reverse of the coin be-
tween the crowns on the pillars.

One-half reales of this mint tor the
periods of Philip IV, Chas. II or Philip
V have not been located by the writer.

The Charles II silver coinage is also
rare in this series. The author has been
able to trace only the following: 8
reales pieces of the years 1667, 1668,
1670 (shown as No. 5), and 1690: two
examples of 4 reales dated 1676 and
1693. And none of the 2 r., 1 r., or
Zl reals tor this reign have been noted
in any published or known collections
which the writer has seen.

Of Philip V scries tor this mint, the
writer has never seen an example. Her-
rera in El Duro shows an 8 reales from
the Madrid Mint collection on Plate
XVIII, No. 6 and Medina shows one
dated 1721 and another 1722. Adams
in the Guttag Catalog showed one as
No. 1186, but the date was evidently
double struck and it is listed as 165 5
under Philip IV, although the coin is
Philip V style. A photograph of a fine

November-December, 1947

144

Hispano American a

piece dated 1702 is shown here as No. 6.
It will he noted that there has been a
change in the design of the various parts
ot the die but the general design is the
same as that of the earlier reigns.

No 4 reales of Philip, nor 1 real nor
Zl real pieces have been traced.

Medina shows a 2 real piece dated
1722, and D. Antonio Vives mentions a
2 reales dated 1724.

There must be many more pieces from
this mint in existence. They seldom
come up at auction and it is doubtful
that there exist more than a few scattered
here and there among collections which
have not been catalogued. Sr. Humberto
Burzio of Buenos Aires in his recent
book on the Potosi mint mentions a Don
Jose Prieto de Salazar as the founder
of the mint at Santa Fe in 1718 and
says that he was tesorero blanquecedor
explaining that he was so-called, as in
addition to serving as tesorero he was
also granted the duties of blanquecedor
(“an officer employed at the mint to
blanch, clean and polish the coin” says
the dictionary) .

The Santa Fe Mint did not issue the
“two hemisphere” or “Pillar dollar”
which the Mexico City Mint started to
coin in 1732, until the reign of Ferdin.
VI.

CORRECTION

In the May'June issue of the JOUR'
NAL full credit for the design of the
Ellsworth'AmundseivNobile medal which
commemorated the polar flight of the
dirigible Norge was given to Mr. John
R. Sinnock, whereas his design was
used only on the obverse of this medal.
Mr. Adam Pietz, at the time the medal
was issued (1930) was assistant engraver
at the U. S. Mint, and created the de'
sign used on the reverse of this medal.
Our incomplete information on the de'
sign of this medal was taken from a
Treasury dispatch which failed to give
the whole story of the design.

COMPLETE SET OF
LINCOLN CENTS

1909—1946

All dates and mintmarks. 107 pieces

All ot the coins in this set are
uncirculated. The scarce dates and
mintmarks are as nice in color and
sharpness as they are obtainable. The
1909 S VDB and 1914 D are both
red. A few of the other scarce ones
have the usual reddish bronze toning
which is the only way they ever
appear. All other pieces are mint
red. This desirable set is housed in a
National Coin Album with space left
for nineteen forthcoming cents.

Price £175.00

COMPLETE SET OF
WASHINGTON
QUARTERS

1932—1946

All dates and mintmar\s. 40 pieces.

All brilliant uncirculated and choice
made up right out of the original
rolls. Several dates and mintmarks
are becoming increasingly difficult to
find in strictly uncirculated condition.
By purchasing a complete set, you
eliminate the almost fruitless search
for the individual pieces which are
usually “out ot stock”. Housed in
a National Coin Album.

Price £85.00

November- December, 1947

145

COINS OF THE WORLD

BELGIUM

A Royal Decree of November 10,
1 0 3 8 authorized the striking of a new
series ot coins tor Belgium. Nickel
pieces ot 5 francs, 1 franc and 50 cen-
times were to have the following for
their reverse types:

5 francs shields ot the provinces ot
Brabant, West Flanders and Hain-
aut.

1 franc shields ot the provinces ot
Anvers (Antwerp), Limbourg and
Namur.

5 0 centimes shields ot the provinces
ot Fast Flanders, Liege and Luxem-
bourg.

Just before the new coins were to be
introduced into circulation it was dis-
covered that the arms of the provinces
which composed the reverse types did
not correspond with the description of
the pieces in the version of the Royal
Decree as published in the Official Moni-
teur. In order to legalize the issue it
was necessary to promulgate another
Royal Decree of December 5, 1938 alter-
ing the reverse types as originally an-
nounced. In accordance with the amend-
ed decree the following pieces were
minted.

Obverse of .ill pieces: Belgian lion, value
to right, date below.

5 Fr. (CW 35). Reverse: Shields of
the provinces of Brabant, Anvers,
and Liege. Dated 1938, 1939.

1 Fr. (CW 36). Reverse: Shields of
the provinces of West Flanders,
Namur and Limbourg. Dated
1939, 1940.

50 Centimes. Reverse: Shields of the
provinces of Hainaut, East Flanders
and Luxembourg. The 50 centime
piece was never put into circula-
tion. The first issues were ready
for distribution in 1940 but the
invasion of Belgium intervened and
the pieces were withdrawn.

The pieces were engraved by Wynants.

The copper-nickel lower denomina-
tions authorized by the same Decree
bore the shields ot provincial capital
cities as their reverse types.

Obverse of all pieces: Crowned mono-
gram of Leopold III, date below.

2 5 Centimes (CW 37). Reverse: Shields
of the cities of Bruges, Brussels,
and Mons. Dated 1938, 1939.

10 Centimes (CW 38). Reverse: Shields
of the cities of Anvers, Hasselt and
Namur. Dated 1938, 1939.

5 Centimes (CW 39). Reverse: Shields
of the cities of Arlon, Gand
(Ghent) and Liege. Dated 1939,
1940.

The copper nickel pieces were en-
graved by Jespers.

146

November-December, 1947

Coins of the World

The 50 Franc silver piece authorized
by Royal Decree of January 1 1, 1939
also bears a series of shields as its re-
verse type.

50 Francs (CW 34)

Obverse: Head of Leopold, left. Date
below.

Reverse: Under a royal crown, the
shields of the nine provinces of
West Flanders, East Flanders, An-
vers, Limbourg, Brabant, Hainaut,
Namur, Luxembourg, and Liege.
Dated 1939, 1940.

The piece was engraved by Rau.

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

We have been informed of these re-
cent issues.

2 korona (copper nickel). Picture of
Janosik and value. Authorized by
Law 78/ 1947.

1 korona (copper nickel). Similar to
CW No. 16 but diameter reduced
from 25 m/m to 21 m/m. Author-
ized by Law 73/ 1946.

50 haleru (bronze). Two sheaves tied
with a ribbon. Authorized by Law
33/ 1947.

PROTECTORATE OF

BOHEMIA-MORAVIA

During the years following the estab-
lishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia-
Moravia zinc coinage in four denomina-
tions was issued by the authorities. All

of this coinage was minted by Messrs.
Vichr and Co. (at present the Kovono
National Corp.), Lysa.

Zinc

1 korona (law 422/ 1941). Value be-
tween two linden boughs.

50 haleru (law 25 5/ 1940). Two

sheaves tied with a ribbon.

20 haleru (law 219 1940). A sheaf

with a sickle and ribbon.

10 haleru (law 405/ 1940). Charles
bridge at Praha.

The total number of pieces of the
coinage struck was

1 korona 102 million.

5 0 haleru 5 3 million.

20 haleru 106 million.

10 haleru 82 million.

LUXEMBOURG

A Grand Ducal Decree of September
29, 1947 authorized the issue of these
new silver commemorative coins.

Denomin. Wght. Dia. Alloy
100 francs 25 gr. 37 mm. 835 % silver

165 % copper

50 francs 12.5 gr. 31 mm. 165% copper
20 francs 8.5 gr. 27 mm. 165% copper

The design for all pieces is similar,
bearing a portrait of Prince Jean of
Luxembourg on the obverse and an
effigy of King John the Blind mounted
on the reverse.

The decree authorizing the coins de-
clares that they will be legal tender
until August 28, 1948 at which time
they will lose that status.

MEXICO

The Mexican Mint in its last pub-
lished Report shows the following coin-
age issued since 1940.

Silver

1 peso 1940, 43, 44, 45.

50 centavos 1942, 43, 44, 45.

20 centavos 1942, 43.

November- December, 1947

147

Coins of thf: World United States Coins

Copper Nickel

10 centavos 1940, 42, 45.

5 centavos 1942.

BRONZE

2 centavos 1941.

1 centavo 1940, 41, 42, 43.

BRONZE “Z”

20 centavos 1943, 44, 45.

5 centavos 1942, 43, 44, 45.

1 ce ntavo 1944, 45.

Bronze "Z contains 950% copper,
40% zmc and 10% tin whereas the
older bronze pieces were made of an
alloy of 950% copper, 25% zinc and
25% tin.

COMPLETE SET OF
LIBERTY HEAD
NICKELS

1883—1912

Proofs

All dates and both types of 1883
Two mintmarks not included

This is truly a superb set of this
popular series. They are all brilliant
including the 1885 and 1886. A col-
lector trying to form a comparable
one by shopping for individual pieces
would find it almost impossible and
quite likely more expensive in the
long run. Housed in a National Coin
Album. Price £165.00

UNITED STATES COINS

Varieties of the Roosevelt Dime

The first master die of this coin was
not entirely satisfactory. The initials
of the engraver ( IS) are not well formed,
the lower lip is not fully defined and
the hair presents a flat appearance. We
.ire informed that only 100,000 coins
were struck from this first die.

A new die has well defined initials
(JS), the lip is more fully defined and
the hair lines are much sharper, par-
ticularly presenting a clean line at neck.

We have endeavored to illustrate the
two varieties but the differences will not
show up very strongly in the half tone
process.

148

November-December, 1947

Coinage of the United States, by Mints,

During the Month of July, 1947

Denomination Philadelphia San Francisco Denver

SILVER

Half Dollars

Quarter Dollars $1,342,000.00

Dimes 49,000.00

MINOR

Five-cent pieces 877,400.00 $180,000.00

One-cent pieces 1 16,000.00

Coinage of the United States, by Mints,
During the Month of August, 1947

San Francisco

Denomination Philadelphia

SILVER

Half Dollars

Quarter Dollars $139,000.00

Dimes 1 14,000.00

MINOR

Five-cent pieces 885,000.00

One-cent pieces

Denver

$674,000.00

$51,000.00

130,000.00

128,600.00

Coinage Executed for Foreign Governments

Mint

Philadelphia

Philadelphia

Country

Ecuador

Ethiopia

Metal

Nickel

Silver

Denomination

1 Sucre

50 Cents

No. of Pieces

7.805.000

3.080.000

Coinage of the United

States, by Mints,

During the

Month of September, S 947

Denomination

Philadelphia San Francisco

Denver

SILVER

Flalf Dollars

Quarter Dolla

IS

$110,000.00

$24,900.00

Dimes

$1,0 5 5,000.00 1 24,000.00

448,000.00

MINOR

Five-cent pieces

549,200.00

One-cent pieces

1 18,000.00

118,950.00

Coinage Exec

;uted for Foreign Governments

Mint

Country

Metal

Denomination

No. of Pieces

Philadelphia

Ecuador

Nickel

1 Sucre

6,016,000

Philadelphia

Ethiopia

Silver

50 Cents

7,112,000

November'December, 1947

149

LIST OF COINS FOR SALE

We have only single specimens of most of the coins in this list. In order to avoid disappoint-
ment, order early and send a supplementary list.

Prices are net. Cash with order unless collector has an account with Wayte Raymond, Inc.
Items from this list cannot be sent on approval but, if not satisfactory, may be returned within
three days of receipt. Postage extra on orders under $5.00. Orders for less than $2.00 cannot be
filled due to expense of handling.

Abbreviations: Unc. — Uncirculated. Mint — an uncirculated coin with mint lustre. Superb —
an uncirculated coin of particularly fine striking and appearance. E.F. — Extremely Fine. V.F. — Very
Fine. F. — Fine. V.G. — Very Good. Cm. — Countermarked. I. — left. r. — right: Std: — seated:
Stg. — standing. CW — Coins of the World, 1 9t h or 20th Century.

WAYTE RAYMOND, INC.

P. O. BOX 431 MlNEOLA, N. Y.

B64 Argentina. 1813 8 Rcales. Ex. fine CW 5

B6^ 1844 Halt Real. Unc. CW 19

B66 1849 4 Reales. V.F. CW 21

B67 18 7 2 8 Reales. Cordoba. V.F. CW 3 7

B68 1882 Peso. Ex. fine. CW 60

B69 1883 70 Centavos. Unc. CW 61

B70 Australia. 1927 Canberra florin. Unc. CW 9

B71 Austria. 1780 Maria Theresa thaler. Famous trade coin. V.F.

B72 Bavaria. 1828 Thaler. Ludwig 1. Royal family. Superb
B73 1877 Thaler. Maximilian II. Mariensaule. Unc.

B74 Belgium. 1939 70 Francs. Leopold III. Mint. CW 34
B7 7 Bolivia. 184 3 8 Sueldos. Bolivar head. Superb. CW 6
B76 187 7 4 Sueldos. Bolivar head. Unc. CW 10

B77 1862 8 Sueldos. 400Gs. Unc. CW 22

B78 Bombay. 1 797 7 Cash. 1794 10, 20 Cash. Gilt proofs. CW^ 7, 9, 10

B79 Brazil. 1817 960 Reis. John P R. Ex. fine. CW 86

B80 182 7 320 Reis. Peter I Very fine. CW 109

B81 1827 640 Reis. Peter I. Superb. CW 110

B82 1823 960 Reis. Peter I. Very fine. CW 111

B8 3 1871 700 Reis. Peter II. Proof. CW 123

B84 ( 1 808' 10) Minas. Spanish dollar cm. with arms, globe and value 960. Very tine.

CWr 178

B87 1828 40 Reis. Cuiaha mint. Unc. CWr 400

B86 British Dollar. 1899 Britannia stg. V.F.

B87 British West Africa. 1938 Set 3, 6d„ 1, 2 Shil. George VI. Unc. CW 1619

B88 Brunswick. 187 7 Double thaler. William. Ex. tine

B89 Canada. 1937 Dollar. George V Jubilee. Mint. CW 13

B90 1937 Specimen set of 6 coins in card box. Superb. CW 22-27

B91 1939 Dollar. Parliament buildings. Mint. CW 28

B92 Chile. 1822 Peso. Volcano. Superb. CW 1

B93 1873 Peso. Condor. Uncirculated. CW 21

B94 (1879). Provisional peso. Copiapo. Fine. CW P 1

B9 7 Chinese Turkestan. 1903 (A.H. 1 320) 7 Miscals. Urumchi. Fine. CW 17

6.00

3.70

2.27

7.00

4.00

1.70
2 27

2.00

7.00

2.00

3.70
7.00

2.70
7.00

7.00

3.00

3.70

3.70

2.70

1.27

7.70

2.70

2.00

2.70

4.00

3.00

7.70

2.27

6.00

1.70
4.00

6.70

150

November-Dccemher, 1047

List of Coins For Sale

B96 1905 3 Miscals. Same type. Very tine. CW 18 5.00

B97 1321. A.H. 5 Miscals. Aksu. Fine. CW 22 12.50

B9S Colombia. 1834 8 Reales. Bogota. Unc. CW 22 4.00

B99 Costa Rica. 1887 50 Centavos. Ex. fine. CW 26 2.00

C01 Cuba. 1897 Souvenir Peso. Unc. CW 1 2.50

C02 Dutch Guiana. 1764 Doit. Coffee plant. Very tine 2.50

C03 Ecuador. 1884 Sucre. Birmingham. Very fine CW 19 2.50

C04 1896 Sucre. Lima. Very tine CW 19 2.00

CO 5 France. 1790 Ecu. Louis XVI. Royal type. Strasbourg. Superb, proof-like 7.50

C06 An 12. Napoleon, First Consul. 5 Francs. Superb toned proof. CW 3 5 12.50

C07 1811 5 Francs. Napoleon, emperor. Paris. Unc. CW 67 5.00

C08 1814 5 Francs. Paris. Superb. CW 67 5.00

C09 181 5 5 Francs. Louis XVIII. Bordeaux. Unc. CW 76 7.50

CIO 1819 5 Francs. Louis XVIII. Rouen. Superb. CW 77 6.00

Cl 1 1828 5 Francs. Charles X. Paris. Superb. CW 82 5.00

Cl 2 1831 5 Francs. Louis'Philippe. Paris. Unc. CW 87 5.00

Cl 3 1838 5 Francs. Louis-Philippe. Paris. Superb. CW 89 4.00

Cl 4 1850 5 Francs. Republic. Ceres head. Paris. Unc. CW 97 5.00

Cl 5 1854 5 Francs. Napoleon III. Paris. Brilliant proof. CW 106 10.00

C16 1862 5 Francs. Napoleon III. Paris. Laureated. Superb. CW 111 6.00

Cl7 1870 5 Francs. Third Republic. Ceres head. Paris Unc. CW 124 6.00

Cl 8 1870 5 Francs. Hercules etc. Paris. Unc. CW 131 5.00

C19 1871 5 Francs. Commune. Trident symbol. Unc. CW 131a 12.50

C20 Great Britain. 1797 Twopence. Cartwheel. Unc. part red. CW 10 5.00

C21 1891 Crown. Victoria. Jubilee type. Ex. tine. CW 56 4 00

C22 1892 Maundy Set. Victoria Jubilee. Unc. CW 63 3.00

C23 Guatemala. 1847 8 Reales. Very fine. CW 1 2.50

C24 1859 Peso. Carrera head. Very tine. CW 6 7.50

C25 ( 1840) Peso. Prov. cm. on Peru 8 Rls. 1833. Fine. CW 64 6.00

C26 Honduras. 1884 50 Centavos. Unc. CW 20 2.50

C27 Hungary. 1936 2 Pengo. Liszt Commemorative. Mint CW 8 2.50

C28 India. Hyderabad 1903 Rupee. Char. Minar. Unc. CW 10 2.50

C29 Indo-China. 1889 Piastre Superb. CW 1 4.00

C30 Isle of Man. 1709 Penny Cast coin. Very fine 3.00

C31 Italy. 5 Francs 1813. Cattaro provisional. V.F. CW 2 12.50

C32 Jamaica. 1894 ]/4) Zl pence. Proofs. CW 2, 3 3.00

C33 Madras. 1797 1/48 Rupee. Gilt proof. CW 27 Murdock coll. 5.00

C34 Martinique. 1897 50 Centimes. Essai in thick piefort. Edge inscribed 10.00

C35 Mexico. 1812 Half real. Morelos. Very fine. CW 118 3.50

C36 1812 8 Reales. Morelos. Fine. CW 128 3.50

C37 1813 8 Reales. Morelos. Fine CW 129 2.50

C38 1813 8 Reales. Morelos. Very fine. CW 131 5.00

C39 181 3 8 Reales. Tierra Caliente. Very fine. CW 1 39 7.50

C40 1812 Half real. Supreme Council. Ex. tine. CW 140 8.00

C41 1822 8 Reales. Augustin. Ex. tine. CW 150 3.50

C4 2 Netherlands. 1793 3 Gulden. Neerlandia. Ex. fine. CW 2 4.00

C43 New Zealand. 1940 Centennial half crown. Mint. CW 12 2.00

C44 Persia. 1304 A.H. 5 Krans. Reza khan Pahlevi. Ex. F. CW 75 4.00

C4 5 Philippine Islands. 1897 Peso. Alfonso XIII. V.F. CW 19 2.00

A Long Awaited Publication—

COINS OF THE WORLD

Nineteenth Century Issues

ml

Containing an extensive list of the silver and minor
coins issued by the countries of the whole world, their
colonics or dependencies, with illustrations of the
principal or most interesting types and giving the
average valuation among collectors and dealers.

Probably the most extensively illustrated book on
coins ever published.

A geographical arrangement of the contents pres-
ents the closely allied coinages in their proper sections
and avoids the artificial groupings resulting from an
a! pliahet ical arrangement.

Large octavo, full cloth, over 250 pages
Price $3.50 net

Mav he ordered from any coin dealer
Published by

WAYTE RAYMOND, Incorporated

NEW YORK

Kor further information and complete descriptive
circular write our mail order department

P. (). Box 431 Mineola, N. Y.